Culbert

Culbert One-Name Study

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Study details

Study: Culbert

Category: 2 - A study where research using core genealogical datasets and transcriptions is well under way, but currently in some countries only.

Website: culbert.one-name.net

DNA website: www.familytreedna.com/groups/culbert/about

Contact: Mr James Culbert

About the study

The CULBERT One-Name study commenced in 2004. It is progressing in the data collection stage, focusing on the survey of birth, marriage, death, and census records worldwide to establish a basic foundation of linkages between the various Culbert family branches before undertaking more detailed research on individuals.

This study is considered small to medium in size compared to other surnames (see Frequency of Name, below). I have upwards of 34,000 individuals in my database so far. This study is challenging because: 1) the history of the surname includes abundant records of migration from Europe to other parts of the world; 2) the surname is also commonly used as a given name (e.g. Culbert L. Olson, Governor of the State of California, 1939-1943), which hampers broad searches of this name; and 3) although the origins of the surname are in Europe with a Caucasian ancestry, there is a growing population of African Americans carrying this surname who may or may not be related by birth. For this latter challenge I have yet to find any evidence of how these people became Culberts.

I am looking for CULBERT researchers in Canada, Great Britain, Ireland, Australia and New Zealand to help me with this study. If interested, please contact me.

Variant names

CULBERT is a variant of Old English CEOLBEORHT according to Dr. George F. Black in his 1946 book, Surnames of Scotland: Their Origin, Meaning and History, New York Public Library, 12th printing (1999), p. 190, ISBN 0-87104-172-3. In Scotland, I have found that CULBERT is commonly interchanged with CUTHBERT, records of which go back to the 1300s.

In Ireland, the surname CULBERT may stem from CULBHEART, which is said to be a Gaelic form of 'crafty'. Crafty is related to 'wisdom,' which is a Gaelic form of CUTHBERT, and this may suggest there is a connection between these surnames. CULBRATH is an eighteenth century variant of CULBERT in County Monaghan, Ireland according to CULBERTSON researcher Dale Leppard. It is also believed that CULBERT is derived from CUTBERT, and this earlier spelling is very similar to CUTHBERT and CUTHBERTSON, and another possible reason for the close relationship between these surnames. In Ireland, I have found that the CULBERT, CULBERTSON and CUTHBERTSON surnames are sometimes used interchangeably.

There is one apparently similar surname, CULBER, for which I have yet to find any evidence that it is related to CULBERT.

Although there are a multitude of variants for this surname (see the Culbert One-Name Study Wiki link below), none are currently registered with the Guild of One-Name Studies.

Name origin

The origins of this surname are uncertain. A majority of the earliest CULBERT records are found in Scotland. CULBERT families are known in Ireland since the 1400s in the province of Munster, according to CULBERTSON researcher Dale Leppard. However, there are some indications that many of the CULBERT immigrants to Ireland were Covenanters who emigrated from Scotland in the late 1600s.

Edward MacLysaght, in his 1999 book, The Surnames of Ireland, 6th Ed., Irish Academic Press, (Dublin, Ireland and Portland, Oregon, USA), states that CULBERT is of Huguenot (French Protestant) origin, and found mainly in Ireland's northern province of Ulster. If this origin is correct, it would suggest that CULBERT families left France with great numbers of other Huguenots destined for other parts of Europe and the British Isles in the years following the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre in Paris on 24 Aug 1572. However, I have yet to find evidence of this migration among the CULBERTs.

In France today the CULBERT surname is not common. Rather, it is the COLBERT surname that is prevalent. Only a few links have been found between CULBERT and COLBERT.

Historical occurrences of the name

The oldest record I have found to date is that of Elisabeth Culbart, who married in 1546. [ref. Church of England Parish Records, Elisabeth Culbart and Robert Winshipp, Marriage, Habrough, Linclonshire, 1546. England, Select Marriages, 1538–1973, FHL FILM NUMBER: 1541932, REFERENCE ID: 2:3Z85SSP]

Name frequency

At the FamilySearch website search page for the exact surname Culbert, in census records found at: Search Page, the following numbers of indexed Culbert records are found:

Australia (New South Wales)
1891 - 9

Canada
1842 - 2 (Upper Canada)
1851 - 48
1861 - 2 (Nova Scotia)
1861 - 7 (Quebec)
1861 - 13 (New Brunswick)
1861 - 125 (Ontario)
1871 - 174
1881 - 256
1891 - 224
1901 - 226
1911 - 259
1916 - 63 (Prairie Provinces)
1926 - 83 (Prairie Provinces)

Ireland
1831 - 7 [this is an incomplete record, as the census was lost]
1851 - 115 [this is an incomplete record, as the census was lost]
1901 - 283
1911 - 316

UK (England and Wales)
1841 - 42
1861 - 100
1871 - 79
1881 - 91
1891 - 134
1901 - 128
1911 - 160

USA
1790 - 2
1800 - 1
1810 - 5
1820 - 14
1830 - 12
1840 - 35
1850 - 211
1860 - 385
1870 - 551
1880 - 620
1900 - 920
1910 - 1018
1920 - 1177
1930 - 1271
1940 - 1401

Other countries with a large amount of Culberts, for which census records are unavailable at FamilySearch, include Scotland and New Zealand.

Distribution of the name

Over time, the CULBERTs in Europe, and particularly from Ireland and Scotland, have left their homes for the United States, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand, and can now be found in many other countries throughout the world. Most of the early Culbert records are found in Ireland and Scotland.